200 lines
6.0 KiB
Markdown
200 lines
6.0 KiB
Markdown
# `app-template`
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> Quickly set up a [`probe-run`] + [`defmt`] + [`flip-link`] embedded project
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> running on the [`RTIC`] scheduler
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[`probe-run`]: https://crates.io/crates/probe-run
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[`defmt`]: https://github.com/knurling-rs/defmt
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[`flip-link`]: https://github.com/knurling-rs/flip-link
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[`RTIC`]: https://rtic.rs/
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Based on https://github.com/knurling-rs/app-template
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## Dependencies
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#### 1. `flip-link`:
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```console
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$ cargo install flip-link
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```
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#### 2. `probe-run`:
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``` console
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$ # make sure to install v0.2.0 or later
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$ cargo install probe-run
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```
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## Setup
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#### 1. Clone the project template
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``` console
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$ git clone https://github.com/rtic-rs/app-template test-app
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```
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If you look into your new `test-app` folder, you'll find that there are a few `TODO`s in the files marking the properties you need to set. The todo's are formatted as `TODO(n)`, where `n` is the number of the step in which the TODO is explained.
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Let's walk through them together now.
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#### 2. Set `probe-run` chip
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Pick a chip from `probe-run --list-chips` and enter it into `.cargo/config.toml`.
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If, for example, you have a nRF52840 Development Kit from one of [our workshops], replace `$CHIP` with `nRF52840_xxAA`.
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[our workshops]: https://github.com/ferrous-systems/embedded-trainings-2020
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```diff
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# .cargo/config.toml
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[target.'cfg(all(target_arch = "arm", target_os = "none"))']
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-runner = "probe-run --chip $CHIP"
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+runner = "probe-run --chip nRF52840_xxAA"
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```
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#### 3. Adjust the compilation target
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In `.cargo/config.toml`, pick the right compilation target for your board.
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``` diff
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# .cargo/config.toml
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[build]
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-# target = "thumbv6m-none-eabi" # Cortex-M0 and Cortex-M0+
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-# target = "thumbv7m-none-eabi" # Cortex-M3
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-# target = "thumbv7em-none-eabi" # Cortex-M4 and Cortex-M7 (no FPU)
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-# target = "thumbv7em-none-eabihf" # Cortex-M4F and Cortex-M7F (with FPU)
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+target = "thumbv7em-none-eabihf" # Cortex-M4F (with FPU)
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```
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Add the target with `rustup`.
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``` console
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$ rustup +nightly target add thumbv7em-none-eabihf
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```
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#### 4. Activate the correct `rtic` backend
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In `Cargo.toml`, activate the correct `rtic` backend for your target by replacing `$RTIC_BACKEND` with one of `thumbv6-backend`, `thumbv7-backend`, `thumbv8base-backend`, or `thumbv8main-backend`, depending on the target you are compiling for.
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```diff
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# Cargo.toml
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-rtic = { version = "2.0.0-alpha.1", features = [ "$RTIC_BACKEND" ] }
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+rtic = { version = "2.0.0-alpha.1", features = [ "thumbv7-backend" ] }
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```
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#### 5. Add a HAL as a dependency
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In `Cargo.toml`, list the Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) for your board as a dependency.
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For the nRF52840 you'll want to use the [`nrf52840-hal`].
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[`nrf52840-hal`]: https://crates.io/crates/nrf52840-hal
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```diff
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# Cargo.toml
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[dependencies]
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-some-hal = "1.2.3"
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+nrf52840-hal = "0.16.0"
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```
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⚠️ Note for RP2040 users ⚠️
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You will need to not just specify the `rp-hal` HAL, but a BSP (board support crate) which includes a second stage bootloader. Please find a list of available BSPs [here](https://github.com/rp-rs/rp-hal-boards#packages).
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#### 6. Import your HAL
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Now that you have selected a HAL, fix the HAL import in `src/lib.rs`
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``` diff
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# my-app/src/lib.rs
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-use some_hal as _; // memory layout
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+use nrf52840_hal as _; // memory layout
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```
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#### 7. Configure the `rtic::app` macro.
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In `src/bin/minimal.rs`, edit the `rtic::app` macro into a valid form.
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``` diff
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# my-app/src/bin/minimal.rs
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\#[rtic::app(
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- // TODO: Replace `some_hal::pac` with the path to the PAC
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- device = some_hal::pac,
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- // TODO: Replace the `FreeInterrupt1, ...` with free interrupt vectors if software tasks are used
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- // You can usually find the names of the interrupt vectors in the some_hal::pac::interrupt enum.
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- dispatchers = [FreeInterrupt1, ...]
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+ device = nrf52840_hal::pac,
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+ dispatchers = [SWI0_EGU0]
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)]
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```
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#### (8. Get a linker script)
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Some HAL crates require that you manually copy over a file called `memory.x` from the HAL to the root of your project. For nrf52840-hal, this is done automatically so no action is needed. For other HAL crates, you can get it from your local Cargo folder, the default location is under:
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```
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~/.cargo/registry/src/
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```
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Not all HALs provide a `memory.x` file, you may need to write it yourself. Check the documentation for the HAL you are using.
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#### 9. Run!
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You are now all set to `cargo-run` your first `defmt`-powered application!
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There are some examples in the `src/bin` directory.
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Start by `cargo run`-ning `my-app/src/bin/minimal.rs`:
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``` console
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$ # `rb` is an alias for `run --bin`
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$ DEFMT_LOG=trace cargo rb hello
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Finished dev [optimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.03s
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flashing program ..
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DONE
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resetting device
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0.000000 INFO Hello, world!
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(..)
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$ echo $?
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0
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```
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If you're running out of memory (`flip-link` bails with an overflow error), you can decrease the size of the device memory buffer by setting the `DEFMT_BRTT_BUFFER_SIZE` environment variable. The default value is 1024 bytes, and powers of two should be used for optimal performance:
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``` console
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$ DEFMT_BRTT_BUFFER_SIZE=64 cargo rb hello
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```
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[RA docs]: https://rust-analyzer.github.io/manual.html#configuration
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[rust-analyzer]: https://rust-analyzer.github.io/
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## Support
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`app-template` is part of the [Knurling] project, [Ferrous Systems]' effort at
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improving tooling used to develop for embedded systems.
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If you think that our work is useful, consider sponsoring it via [GitHub
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Sponsors].
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## License
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Licensed under either of
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- Apache License, Version 2.0 ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or
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http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
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- MIT license ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
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at your option.
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### Contribution
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Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted
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for inclusion in the work by you, as defined in the Apache-2.0 license, shall be
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licensed as above, without any additional terms or conditions.
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[Knurling]: https://knurling.ferrous-systems.com
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[Ferrous Systems]: https://ferrous-systems.com/
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[GitHub Sponsors]: https://github.com/sponsors/knurling-rs
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